Six Most Popular Train Routes in China

Taking a train is one of the best ways to admire China’s stunning landscapes. As the third-largest country in the world, China offers train enthusiasts a vast array of scenic routes, each showcasing breathtaking natural wonders and offering glimpses of rare wildlife along the way. Below, we’ve highlighted six of the most popular train journeys to explore.

Beijing–Xi'an Route: Connecting China’s Two Most Historic Cities

• Distance: 1,206 km
• Duration: Approximately 5 hours

As your train departs Beijing, it glides across the vast North China Plain, offering glimpses of traditional northern villages scattered across the landscape. Soon, the towering peaks of Mount Taihang greet you in Hebei, the first province you pass through after leaving Beijing. The scenery continuously shifts as the train ascends and descends, becoming even more breathtaking in winter.

Approaching Henan province, you’ll witness the mighty Yellow River, often called the "Mother River" of China. Henan is also home to two UNESCO World Heritage Sites—the legendary Shaolin Temple, birthplace of Kung Fu, and the stunning Longmen Grottoes, a treasure trove of ancient Buddhist art. Many travelers pause here to explore these cultural gems before continuing to Xi’an.

ALeaving these historic landmarks behind, your journey takes you through the Qinling Mountains, a natural boundary between northern and southern China. As the train weaves through the rugged terrain, you’ll experience a fascinating transition between the two regions.

AFinally, as you arrive in Xi’an, one of China’s most historic cities, your adventure is just beginning—starting, of course, with a visit to the world-famous Terracotta Army Museum.

Beijing–Xi'an Route: Connecting China’s Two Most Historic Cities

• Distance: 1,318 km
• Duration: Approximately 4 hours

Beijing and Shanghai serve as China’s political and economic hubs, making this rail route the most significant in the country. Its importance is reflected in the train numbering—G1 to G10 are exclusively reserved for this route. The most advanced high-speed trains operate here, ensuring a world-class travel experience.

After leaving the expansive North China Plain, where Beijing is located, you’ll enter Shandong province, a region defined by rolling hills. Shandong is also the birthplace of Confucius, making it an ideal stop for those interested in traditional Chinese culture. A few days here would offer deep insights into China’s philosophical and historical heritage.

Crossing into Jiangsu from Shandong, you’ll enter the scenic Yangtze River region. Unlike the Yellow River’s silty waters, the Yangtze appears greener and clearer. As you travel southward, the landscape transforms—lush greenery becomes increasingly abundant, marking your transition into southern China.

A highlight of this region is its serene ancient water towns, renowned for their picturesque canals and classical architecture. Though glimpses of these towns can be seen from the train, a visit is highly recommended. Strolling through these towns offers an authentic experience of both the stunning natural scenery and the daily life of the locals.

Finally, you’ll arrive in Shanghai, one of the fastest-growing cities in the world. From the historic elegance of the Bund to the soaring heights of Shanghai Tower, the city seamlessly blends tradition and modernity, promising an unforgettable experience for every traveler.

Beijing–Urumqi Route: Desert and Snow-Sapped Mountain

• Distance: 2,784 km
• Duration: Approximately 31 hours

This is the longest route among our recommended train journeys in China, offering an incredible transition from bustling cities to vast deserts and towering mountains.

After departing Beijing and crossing the North China Plain, your train climbs onto the Loess Plateau. Here, the effects of water and soil erosion become evident—vegetation thins out, and deep ravines carve through the land, shaping a rugged yet mesmerizing landscape.

As you enter Gansu, you’ll traverse the legendary Hexi Corridor, a crucial passage of the ancient Silk Road. The scenery gradually transforms into an arid desert, where the vast golden sands create a breathtaking yet harsh environment, reminding travelers of nature’s raw power.

Next, Xinjiang, China’s largest province, welcomes you. Though deserts dominate the terrain, scattered oases begin to appear, sustaining local communities and allowing agriculture and tourism to flourish amidst the arid expanse.

In the distance, the mighty Tianshan Mountains rise, their snow-capped peaks forming a natural divide between northern and southern Xinjiang. These majestic mountains will accompany you in the background as you approach Urumqi, the vibrant capital of Xinjiang, marking the end of this unforgettable journey.

Xining–Lhasa Route: The Railway to the Roof of the World

• Distance: 1,956 km
• Duration: Approximately 15 hours

More than half of the Xining–Lhasa railway traverses mountains at altitudes exceeding 4,000 meters, reaching its highest point at Mount Dangla (5,072 meters). Due to the extreme elevation, the journey may be physically challenging. It’s strongly recommended to consult your doctor to ensure you are fit for this high-altitude trip.

Despite the physical demands, the breathtaking scenery makes this one of the most sought-after train journeys in the world. The first major highlight is Qinghai Lake, China’s largest lake. Its vast expanse of deep blue water, merging seamlessly with the sky, along with flocks of migratory birds, creates an illusion of an endless sea rather than a lake.

As your train ascends the Kunlun Mountains, you’ll soon enter the Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve, home to rare wildlife such as Tibetan antelopes, wild yaks, and wild donkeys. This pristine wilderness was designated a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site in 2014. To fully enjoy the views, many passengers make sure to wipe their compartment windows before boarding the train.

Passing by the Namtso Lake, one of Tibet’s sacred lakes, you’ll realize you are nearing Lhasa, the heart of Tibetan culture. Before arrival, ensure you have your Tibet Travel Permit ready and coordinate with your tour guide, as international travelers are required to explore Tibet with a registered local travel agency.

Xi’an–Chengdu Route: Journey to the Hometown of Lovely Pandas

• Distance: 650 km
• Duration: Approximately 4 hours

A Xi'an–Chengdu high-speed train journey takes you through three distinct terrains—plains, mountains, and basins—resulting in an altitude change of 1,100 meters.

The journey begins on the Guanzhong Plain, known as the cradle of Chinese civilization. This fertile land has hosted the capitals of numerous ancient dynasties, making it one of the most historically significant regions in China.

Next, your train ascends into the Qinling Mountains, a breathtaking natural barrier between northern and southern China. If you're lucky, you might catch a glimpse of the region's wildlife, including playful monkeys and the rare takin, a goat-antelope unique to China.

Beyond the mountains lies the Hanzhong Basin, a land of lush forests and winding rivers. Thanks to its mild climate, the scenery here appears particularly vibrant, with greenery thriving year-round.

After crossing the rugged Daba Mountains, you'll enter Sichuan province, drawing ever closer to Chengdu. While excitement builds for a visit to see the city's most famous residents—giant pandas—it's best to wait until the next morning to visit the Chengdu Giant Panda Base. Most Xi'an–Chengdu trains arrive in the afternoon, a time when pandas are usually napping. Visiting in the morning ensures you see them at their most active and playful.

Kunming–Dali Route: Unique Local Culture and Scenic Beauty

• Distance: 328 km
• Duration: Approximately 2 hours

Although the Kunming–Dali route isn’t particularly long, the scenery along the way is absolutely breathtaking. Your journey begins with a view of Lake Dianchi and Mount West, two of Kunming’s most iconic landmarks. Admiring these natural beauties from the comfort of a high-speed train offers a fresh and unique perspective.

Next, the train passes through Chuxiong, where you can spot the distinctive Yi People’s architecture. The Yi, one of China’s ethnic minorities, traditionally live in the mountain regions surrounded by lush, untouched forests. As the train moves on, you’ll travel through these pristine forests, offering a glimpse into the rich natural landscape that has shaped the lives of local communities for centuries.

As you near Dali, you’ll be greeted by the stunning sight of Erhai Lake, a body of water deeply connected to the Bai People, the region's indigenous group. Along with Dali Ancient Town, Erhai Lake is one of Dali's most beloved attractions. Whether you’re a history enthusiast or simply a lover of natural beauty, these sights are unmissable during your visit to Dali.

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